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The first make an effort to allow use of content and basic functionality of a website and supply an advanced form of the same site to browsers with better or more complete Web Standards support is called Progressive Enhancement which was introduced in 2003. The corresponding approach is often known as graceful degradation. By making use of guidelines for example developing a correct document structure within the markup, web-site designers can contribute not just to Progressive Enhancement, but additionally Web Accessibility and overall code quality.
To provide the highest degree of interoperability and usability, websites should be developed by applying techniques that support an ideal user experience through device-, browser-, and/or feature-detection, therefore the website is going to be easy to navigate and read whatever the device employed for browsing (smartphone, tablet PC, desktop computer, etc.). The textual content of the website won't be tiny on the phone, and also the large pictures is going to be automatically resized depending on the screen size and resolution.
Until recently, a large share of web sites has been designed with fixed width layout (typically between 760px and 960px) that may provide precise pixel-by-pixel representation, but cannot make use of the full surface of today's large monitors. It also has serious usability issues on the increasingly popular mobile devices such as smartphones and pc tablets that include a comparatively small display size and resolution. Even on standard resolutions, the consumer would use a resized (not maximized) browser window. The endless variety of screen resolutions makes it practically infeasible to support all resolutions with a design that's optimized for any certain resolution.
In well-developed countries for example Australia, smartphone me is over 50% now addressing extraordinary development in mobile technology. By 2014, more Australians will access digital services via a smartphone than the usual computer.
Among the methods to address the issues of barely readable texts, inconsistent layout, and inconvenient scrollability is Responsive Web Design (RWD), which applies an adaptable grid layout that's scalable (also referred to as liquid layout or fluid layout). Responsive Web Design has got the try to achieve optimal user experience when it comes to convenient reading and easy navigation, and "respond" to device features. Depending on the characteristics from the device getting used, different layouts are utilized, together with automatically scaling website elements, including text and images. Since some website elements for example Flash headers containing raster graphics and video clips cannot be fully optimized for automatic scaling, the applicability of Responsive Web Design depends upon the website. In case a reliable fixed-width layout can be used for whatever reasons, support for cellular devices can still be supplied by creating additional, device-dependent style sheets.
Another approach, elastic layout applies fully scalable elements declared in scalable units in the style sheets, the innovative yet seldom applied website design layouts.
Although RWD can be beneficial to mobile users, responsive websites aren't necessarily accessible, and vica versa. However, the correct use of standards results in websites which are accessible and responsive at the same time.
